有不少電工對單相電機的接線搞不清。我先對單相電機的正反轉(zhuǎn)原理講一下。單機電機里面有二組線圈，一組是運轉(zhuǎn)線圈（主線圈），一組是啟動線圈（副線圈），大多的電機的啟動線圈并不是只啟動后就不用了，而是一直工作在電路中的。啟動線圈電阻比運轉(zhuǎn)線圈電阻大些，量下就知了。啟動的線圈串了電容器的。也就是串了電容器的啟動線圈與運轉(zhuǎn)線圈并聯(lián)，再接到220V電壓上，這就是電機的接法。當這個串了電容器的啟動線圈與運轉(zhuǎn)線圈并聯(lián)時，并聯(lián)的二對接線頭的頭尾決定了正反轉(zhuǎn)的。比起三相電動機的順逆轉(zhuǎn)控制，單相電動機要困難得多，一是因為單相電動機有啟動電容、運行電容、離心開關等輔助裝置，結構復雜；二是因為單相電動機運行繞組和啟動繞組不一樣，不能互為代用，增加了接線的難度，弄錯就可能燒毀電動機。

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